2018年第一季度托福写作真题统计
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Independent Writing |
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School education |
1/13; 1/27; 1/28; 3/4 |
4次 |
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Interpersonal relationship |
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Family education |
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Social issues |
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Science & technology |
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Transportation |
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Media & advertising |
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Employment |
3/10 | 1次 |
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Characteristics |
1/6 |
1次 |
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Environment |
3/31 | 1次 |
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Leisure activities |
3/24 | 1次 |
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Happiness & success |
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Government |
1/13 |
1次 |
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Life issues |
2/4; 3/11 |
2次 |
2018年1月6日
苏格兰的Brochs的用途(史前圆形石塔)
重复2015年7月4日考题
阅读部分主要内容：3个主要用途
1. 提供类似于城堡的防御作用(for defense)
2. 储藏食物(for food storage)
3. 为贵族提供居住地(for lord/aristocrat)
听力主要内容：反对阅读里的内容
1. 墙上没窗户，无法真正起到防御作用
2. 存在水缸，会让食物腐烂，生火做饭的话容易引起爆炸
3. brochs离村庄的距离很远，而且是成群存在，但贵族一般不会居住在这样的环境里
托福独立写作-家庭生活话题
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Nowadays it is not important for family members to regularly have meals together. Use specific reasons and examples tosupport your idea.
下午场托福综合写作
阅读内容： 就埃及大金字塔内部shaft用途提出三种理论
1) 认为shafts用于通风(ventilation theory) - 建造金字塔的工人点火照明时产生烟雾，因此shafts用来帮助通风
2) 认为shafts是对应星星的位置而被建造的(star alignment theory) - 科学家发现shafts的位置和某些星星的位置对应。在古埃及，人们认为特定的星星代表特定的神灵
3) 认为shafts是为了帮助国王的灵魂抵达后世(religion theory)。因为古埃及人相信死去国王的灵魂会离开身体进入后世，所以shafts可能是灵魂前往后世的通道
听力：反对阅读; 没人知道shafts建造的真正目的
1) 通风理由不成立，因为只有上层两个shafts才能通到外墙，底下两个通不到外墙，所以无法注入新鲜空气。4个shafts的结构相似，作用应该一样，如果只有2个可以通风的话，那么通风理论不成立
2) 星星理论也不成立，因为古埃及人崇尚特定星星对应特定的神，这是在埃及王朝后期才出现的，而金字塔建造的时间很早，那时还没这种说法
3) 帮助国王灵魂通往后世也不成立，因为在别的金字塔里也发现了类似的symbolic passageway，但是是一堵真正的墙(actual wall)，说明古埃及人相信国王的灵魂能穿越墙面，所以不需要shafts来帮助灵魂前往来世
话题：人物性格特征（抽象）
重复16年8月27日托福独立写作题目
同意还是不同意? It is more important to read or watch news presented by people whose views are different from your own than it is to read or watch news presented by those whose views are similar to your own.
特点：题目长，修饰语成分多，类似2017年上半年的考题
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A group will be more helped by a person who is willing to do things that other members want than a person who strongly insists on things in a waythat is different from that other group members want.
托福综合写作-lionfish商业化的利弊
1）生活在珊瑚礁的lionfish数量过多，捕捞售卖可保护生态
2）市场上多卖lionfish可以降低人们对其它鱼类的需求
3）lionfish可提供蛋白质
听力：lionfish在商业方面的坏处
1）捕捞lionfish时，也会捕到其它鱼类，包括稀有物种，这样子的话会加剧生态问题
2）当lionfish有市场时，会出现人工养殖，一旦人养的lionfish逃脱，会有更多数量的lionfish
3）lionfish确实可提供营养，但它们以微生物为食，体内会积累有害物质病引发疾病
托福独立写作-社会及政府话题
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
It's a waste of money for Government to fund space travel or space exploration.
综合写作navigation from Irish to NA
阅读：Brendan the navigator去过美洲
1) 有很多故事记载navigator去过
2) 尝试复原了当时的船只并成功从爱尔兰航行到美洲
3) 有很多美洲文字记号
听力：反对阅读提出的观点
1. 故事有可能指别的地方
2. 科研人员建造的船更大，航行能力更好，所以X证明
3. 这些记号有可能是美国土著留下的，因为他们的记号里带有太阳，树等图案
托福独立写作：教育话题
Which one of the reasons is the most important one in helping students to study in colleges and universities?
1. Having access to the totutors who can provide individual instruction for the students who have difficulty in study.
2. Having the help & encouragement from the family & friends.
3. Having excellent teachers in high-school who can help the students before the university.
2018年1月28日
When did Europeans first arrive in Australia?
阅读：as early as 1520
1) European maps around 1550 already included some names of Australian areas, which means they arrived before 17C
2) An European book dated in 1593 illustrates a type of kangaroo named Marsupial, and kangaroos are typically found in Australia
3) Soil samples found on some old European keys unearthed in Australia indicate the date to early 16th century
听力：no earlier than 1606
1) Shapes of those areas shown on the map are different from those of the actual areas in Australia
2) The illustration of Marsupials doesn’t mean the discovery of Australia as these animals exist in other parts of the world as well. Those mentioned in the book were probably found in Americas
3. Soil itself cannot be used to determine when these keys were left in Australia. Such method is simply inaccurate
政府资助提高孩子教育的三种方式选其一
1. hire more teachers to teach in a small class
2. preschool education before kindergarten
3. to provide some training courses so that teachers can be more professional
托福综合写作-投资保护森林的三个好处
阅读：3个主要优点
1) 有利于农业
2) 有利于改善森林周边村民生活
3) 有利于生物多样性
听力：对阅读所述内容表示怀疑
1) 森林不能砍伐后，世界人口还增长，那农民就要在有限的土地里种出更多粮食，肯定会使用一些高产的技术破坏环境
2) 森林的拥有者不是村民，是政府或地主；给他们钱，他们也不见得会把钱给村民，反而会去投资其他的项目
3) 应该先给森林分类，有一种森林（此处屏幕上有专业名词出现）就是商业目的形成的，只种单一树木，就算是保护了这种森林，对生物多样性也没什么好处
托福独立写作-生活话题
Agree or disagree? It is better for the younger people to take risk and explore new things than the older people.
因为中国的春节关系，
2月份没有安排其他托福考试了
托福综合写作-两只白色虎鲸是不是同一只
阅读内容：不是同一只，3个理由
1) 因为颜色不一样
2) 人们目击时候隔得很远
3) 通过海豚身上的某个部位推测两只海豚随着时间的过去，年龄却没有增长
听力内容：是同一只，3个理由
1) 颜色不一样是因为海豚身上的海藻(algae)不一样
2) 观察距离相隔其实并不远，虎鲸的哺食方法(hunting pattern)可分两种：一种吃哺乳动物，经常出没在海边；另一种喜欢鱼，所以会跟随鱼的迁徙环游海洋，迁徙路径可长达2000英里，从俄罗斯到美国这1500英里根本不是个事
3) 两只虎鲸年龄对得上，通过背鳍大小(dorsal fin)来判断年龄不科学，因为长到20岁时，它们的背鳍就会停止生长了呀
托福独立写作-教育类话题
If you are going to graduate from the university and have to choose the final course, which professor will you choose. The one you used to sign up for courses or the one you have never learned from before.
2018年3月10日
Amalgam should be prohibited in dental repairs
旧题：曾是2016年1月9日考
阅读部分：补牙不应该用汞合金
1) Amalgam (汞合金) is harm to people’s health, which will invade in nervous system and bring series of illness
2) Mercury (水银) in Amalgam will drain into waterways, polluting rivers and lakes
3) There are substitutes (替代品) of Amalgam, such as gold and ceramic (比如用金子或陶瓷)
听力部分：应该使用（因为3个优点）
1) The recent study shows that with a small amount of mercury, human body will not be harmed
2) Most dentists have a solution to prevent mercury from flowing into sewer systems to pollute environment, 可用separator解决
3) 代替品不好，因为口腔是湿的，正好水银很干。如果用金子去代替，太贵了，会带来经济压力
托福独立写作-工作类考题
Which one is the most important factor to help you work productively: 下列哪一个可以让你的工作地更有成效？
A. Having an environment free of noise and distractions;
B. Knowing that you will receive a reward;
C. Doing something you are interested in.
托福综合写作-人脑变小理论
阅读：提出人脑变小的三种理论
1) 地球气候变暖，导致人脑变小
2) 跟农业相关：smaller brain fits the diet when people start eating grain, with protein and vitamin in it
3) 人的肌肉变小：Human muscles have shrunk, which leads to the decline of muscle-controlling brain
听力：反对阅读的3个理由
1) 20000年前，地球经过好几次气候起伏变化，那个时候人脑没有变小而是一直变大
2) 澳洲和非洲并没有很早进入农业革命，它们直到现代才有农业革命，但那些地区的人也跟其他地区一样，人脑也变小，所以农业文明没有必然联系
3) 20000以来，人类的肌肉是变小了，但变化的程度很小，而人脑变小的程度很大，所以肌肉变化对于人脑的影响很小
Do you agree or disagree: people would meet many problems in their daily life and they would solve them by themselves or from the help of their families; the help from the government is not necessary.
2018年3月24日
bird feeder does hard to birds
重复2016年4月23日考题
阅读：支持性观点
1) Birds may gather together, which leads to spread of diseases. e.g.house finch’s eye disease
2) It aggravates the Predator Effect and increases birds’ death rate with a growing number of them crashing into the windows to escape their predators
3) It postpones birds’ migration time through human factors and gives rise to their death related to hunting and harsh climate
听力：反对阅读观点
1) Natural factors outshine, especially for the species of house finch, in fact, their high frequency of migration accelerates the spread of disease among individual birds and bird species
2) Bird feeders provide more nutrients to birds, enable them to grow robust, and elevate their reproduction rate. And the young fill in the blanks resulted from the old’s death. Bird’s population still increases without any decrease
3) Sunlight together with some other factors other than food constitute main causes of migration
托福独立写作-娱乐休闲运动类话题
重复2014年7月6日
People should take time to relax with hobbies or physical activities that are very different from what they do at work.
同意以上观点还是不同意以上观点？
2018年3月31日
美国一种鱼叫hooligans，近几年大幅下降
但这是不是写反对，而是解决方案噢
阅读：给出3个原因
1) 大坝的关系，因为hooligans产卵要粘在沙子上，大坝的建造导致没有沙子了
2) 捕鱼，因为hooligans很小，会钻到渔民的捕虾的网里
3) 食物的竞争：因为全球变暖，海洋温度上升，所以很多鱼回去cooler的地方，导致hooligan栖息地食物不够
听力：教授给出已经在做的解决方案
1) barriers block females to lay their eggs：调整大坝限时开放和水流temporary adjustment ，hooligans only hatch in spring，so we can let more water go through dams to carry more sands and gravel
2) bycatch (fishers use nets to capture shrimps and hooligans will be caught by accident in this way)：redesign the nets to catch shrimps only
3) competition: add more food like Krill (屏幕给词)，这是the Pacific hake和hooligan共同的食物，减缓食物竞争
参考旧题：2016年9月3日
Which one of the following three actions is most useful for people to do if they want to help the local community environment and why:
1) Plant trees and create parks; 2) Persuade local shops to stop providing plastics bags to customers; 3) Increase access to public transportation to reduce the number of automobiles on local roads
